The incredibly stunning gemstone known as a diamond is made of carbon that has crystallized. Its exceptional beauty draws in not only jewelers, but also soon-to-be spouses. Diamonds have become a cherished symbol of everlasting love and commitment, often adorning engagement and wedding rings. and the industrial sector uses it for certain purposes because to its extraordinary resilience and hardness. The diamond can be red, blue, green, purple, orange, yellow, brown, or white. Gem-quality diamonds have been mined mostly in Africa since the 1870s. Thus, 62% of the world's diamond production comes from Africa. The African nations listed below are well-known for their enormous diamond production:
Botswana
Botswana is situated in southern Africa, bordering Zambia, Zimbabwe, Namibia, and South Africa. Botswana is currently Africa's and the world's largest diamond-producing country. Geologists discovered the first diamonds in Botswana in 1967. Botswana boasts some of the world's best yielding mines and has been a top producer of diamonds since 1999. The Jwaneng and Orapa diamond mines in Botswana are the first and second largest diamond mines in the world.
Angola
Situated on the Atlantic coast of southern Africa, Angola shares borders with Namibia, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and Zambia. Angola was the site of the first diamond discovery in 1912. At first, the industry's sole source of diamonds was from alluvial mining, which is the process of removing diamonds from deposits of sand, gravel, and clay that had been washed into the coastline, banks of rivers, or ocean floor by water erosion. After the government and the rebels of the National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA) signed the Bicesse Accords, which also included a plan to hold the nation's first general elections, large-scale informal diamond mining began in Angola in September 1991. The fifth-largest diamond mine in the world is the Catoca mine in Angola. Over 80% of Angolan diamonds are produced for jewelry; they are exceptionally pure and have a lovely form.
The Democratic Republic Of Congo
Prior to recently, the Democratic Republic of the Congo was one of the top diamond-producing nations worldwide, not just in Africa. With 19.2 million carats produced in 2011, according to the most recent Kimberley Process (KP) figures, it ranked second in Africa by volume, behind only Botswana, which produced 22.9 million carats. Congo is currently unable to produce enough diamonds in a reasonable quantity and grade. The so-called "blood diamonds," which have financed violent conflicts in numerous African nations that have claimed millions of lives and uprooted millions more, is one factor contributing to this downturn. Informal sources account for the majority of the nation's diamond production. This truly clarifies why almost one-third of the nation's diamond production is smuggled out of the country and why, if ranking is based on mines, Congo does not appear on the list of top producers of diamonds.
South Africa
In April 1908, Zacharias Lewala, a former employee of the Kimberley diamond fields, spotted a diamond by the railway in the Namiba Desert, close to Lüderitz. It rose to prominence right away as a top producer of diamonds of gem quality, a status it maintained until Zaire began to generate significant amounts of diamonds in the 1920s. With seven mines that produce diamonds, South Africa has been a reliable producer for the past few decades, with annual production quantities typically ranging from 6 million to 7 million carats.
Namibia
The geographical border between Namibia and South Africa is formed by the Orange River. The Orange River has been bringing eroded diamondiferous kimberlite material from its source on the Kaapvaal Craton, in central South Africa and Botswana, for the past 100 million years. The material holding diamonds was deposited in alluvium and gravels along river banks as it moved westward in the direction of the Atlantic Ocean. In the sand dunes of the desert, other diamondiferous elements were re-distributed by wind and settled to produce alluvial deposits.
The aforementioned nations are Africa's top producers of diamonds. Other notable diamond-producing nations in Africa are Sierra Leone, Lesotho, Tanzania, Guinea, and Zimbabwe.
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